Egypt's tourist attractions

Egypt's tourist attractions

The Top 51 Egyptian Sights and Attractions

The top 51 sights and attractions in Egypt that you must see on your Egyptian holiday, such as the Pyramids of Giza, the Great Sphinx of Giza, the city of Luxor, a Nile cruise, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, the Red Sea, Alexandria, the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, Mount Sinai, St. Catherine's Monastery in Sinai, the Mohammed Ali Mosque (the Alabaster Mosque), Mahmya Island in Hurghada, Saqqara and the Pyramid of Suffrage in Giza, and Old Cairo.

These are the top 51 must-see sights in Egypt that you should visit during your Egyptian holiday:

• Pyramids of Giza.

• Cheops-Pyramide

• Chephren-Pyramide

• Pyramid of Mykrnios

• Die Sphinx

• Saqqara Pyramids & Step Pyramid of Djoser

• Egyptian Museum

• Al-Azhar Mosque

• The Saladin Citadel

• The Mosque of Muhammad Ali.

• Old Cairo (Coptic Cairo)

• Sultan Hassan Mosque

• Museum of Islamic Art

• The city of Luxor

• Valley of the Kings

• Hot air balloon ride over Luxor at sunrise

• Luxor Temple

• Karnak-Templ.

• Temple of Medinet Habu

• Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut - Deir el-Bahari.

• The Valley of the Craftsmen.

• The Temple of Seti |

• Luxor-Museum

• Temples of Abu Simbel

• Island of Philae,

• Horus Temple in Edfu

• The Red Sea

• Mahmya Island,

• Ras Mohammed National Park

• Tiran Island

• Aqua Blue Water Park

• Old Market of Sharm

• The Blue Cave of Dahab,

• Mossberg in Sinai

• Katharinenkloster

• The eel garden of Dahab

• Coloured Gorge

• Fjord Bay.

• Great Sand Sea in Siwa

• Siwa Oasis on the Libyan border.

• Shali Fortress in the Siwa Oasis.

• The White Desert in the Farafra Oasis.

• Nile cruise.

• The True Valley Caves.

• Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.

• Library in Alexandria.

• Citadel of Qaitbay.

• National Museum of Alexandria

• Stanley Bridge in Alexandria.

• With Ghamr pigeon lofts

• Magical Lake in Fayoum

Pyramids of Giza, tourist attractions in Egypt

• Pyramids of Giza.

• Cheops-Pyramide

• Chephren-Pyramide

• Pyramid of Mekyrnios

• Die Sphinx

The exceptionally attractive pyramids of Giza are a must-see for all tourists. These burial pyramids of the Fourth Dynasty are located on the outskirts of the city and have captivated travelers for centuries.

The Pyramids of Giza have always been one of Egypt's greatest highlights. The summer heat and dust seem trivial to explorers when they experience the awe-inspiring Great Pyramid of Giza, the colossal pyramid of the Giza collection. Also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, it has a simple yet exquisite burial chamber containing a sarcophagus. The fascinating, slender passages inside the pyramids lead to the Sun Bark Gallery, which displays fabulous sun-controlled bark reconstructions, restored to their unique excellence in the area. To the south, you would discover the Pyramid of Khafre, commonly referred to as the Pyramid of Khufu, a vast passageway. This burial site is guarded by the astonishing Sphinx, with a linear body and a face like a pharaoh, and arguably Cairo's most celebrated landmark. This captivating experience represents a significant milestone of the ancient world.

Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt - Tourist Attractions

• History of the Great Pyramid of Giza

• The architecture of the Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), is famous as the largest of the three pyramids of Giza and the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Originally 146.5 meters tall, the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza has decreased by about 9 meters since its completion in 2570 BC. The structure is also known as the Pyramid of Khufu. The Great Pyramid was covered with white limestone casing stones. These casing stones were slanted and flattened. Over time, most of the casing stones have shifted from their original positions. The earthquake of great magnitude recorded in 1303 AD was one of the reasons for this. Muhammad Ali Pasha removed many of the casing stones from the Pyramid of Giza in the early 19th century AD. During your visit to the Great Pyramid of Giza, you may even find some of these casing stones near the pyramid structure. During your visit to the Great Pyramid of Giza, you should also visit the other two pyramids of Giza, namely the Pyramid of Khafre and the Pyramid of Menkaure, in addition to the Sphinx and the Eastern Cemetery. The entrance to the Great Pyramid of Giza is located 17 meters above the ground.

Plan your trips to the Pyramids of Giza with us.

History of the Great Pyramid of Giza

Built over 20 years by Cheops, the Great Pyramid of Giza is considered by many historians to have been designed by the vizier Hemiunu (or Hemon). The first measurements of the pyramid were taken between 1880 and 1882 by Flinders Petrie, who published them in *The Pyramids and Temples of Giza*. Since then, nearly all accounts published concerning the pyramid have taken his measurements into account.

Following the earthquake of 1303 AD, the dislodged casing stones of the Great Pyramid of Giza were carried away in 1356 AD by Bahri Sultan An-Nasir Nasir-ad-Din al-Hasan to build mosques and fortresses in Cairo. Explorers and archaeologists visiting the pyramids recorded the enormous piles of rubble as remnants of the collapsed casing stones, which were later removed during excavations at the site.

Furthermore, one can clearly observe a complex network of small buildings, even pyramids, surrounding the Great Pyramid. Most of these structures have gradually disappeared over time, and today only a black basalt pavement remains. There have been claims about these small pyramid temples being connected to the valley temples near the Sphinx.

Since the discovery of the entrance to the Great Pyramid of Giza, there has been much speculation about the construction method of the structure. While many believe that the enormous stones were pushed, pulled, or lifted by human hands, some suggest that the pyramid's workforce was organized in a hierarchy and consisted of two groups of 100,000 men. Whatever the reason, the Pyramid of Giza is more than just a monument. It is a symbol of the intelligence and high craftsmanship of the ancient Egyptians.

The architecture of the Great Pyramid of Giza

The original entrance to the Great Pyramid of Giza is located on its north side, approximately 7 meters east of the pyramid's central axis. From this entrance, one is led down through the pyramid's masonry into the bedrock below. After a certain distance, the passage levels out and continues for about 9 meters to the Lower Chamber.

It is clearly evident that the lower chamber was left unfinished by the workers during construction. The actual purpose of this chamber remains unclear to this day. The reason for the so-called "air shafts" created as part of the upper chambers is also incomprehensible.

The same passage leads to the Grand Gallery, which resembles a cobblestone walkway approximately 9 meters high. Walking through the Grand Gallery, one can observe the precision with which the stones were fitted together in the walls, and the highly polished surface of the rocks gleams under the yellow lamps. Continuing along the Grand Gallery, one reaches the King's Chamber. The King's Chamber is constructed entirely of red granite, likely sourced from the southern quarries of Aswan.

The architectural marvel of the Great Pyramid is that the King's Chamber is located precisely on the pyramid's central axis. The King's Chamber was further sealed with massive granite blocks, and the entrance shaft was filled with limestone to prevent the chamber from being opened.

Just outside the Great Pyramid lie the large boat pits of Khufu. Of the seven boat pits, five are located east of the pyramid, while the other two are to the south. These boat pits are merely a brick model of the boat. The primary purpose of these boat pits was to transport the king to important destinations in his afterlife. They were also used as part of the king's funeral processions.

The boat pits, the smaller pyramid temples, and the Great Pyramid of Giza together form the Great Pyramid complex. Even today, no one is able to predict the technology and methods used to build the Great Pyramid, which dates back to 2570 BC.

Pyramid of Khafre, Egypt Tourist Attractions

• The story of the Pyramid of Khafre

• The architecture of the Pyramid of Khafre

Standing approximately 136 meters tall with a base measuring over 215 square meters, the Pyramid of Khafre is also known as the Second Pyramid of Giza. Built by the Egyptian Pharaoh Khafre of the 4th Dynasty, the pyramid was originally covered in Tura limestone, which made it gleam in bright sunlight. Over time, the limestone's whitish color faded, giving it the yellowish-brown hue seen today. Like the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Pyramid of Khafre is built atop a large rock. Due to the elevated height of the bedrock, the Pyramid of Khafre appears taller than the Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu). The pyramid's interior consists of small and large chambers carved from limestone, some of which have been discovered by archaeologists and Egyptologists in recent centuries. Of these, only one chamber has been opened to the public by the authorities. When visiting the Pyramid of Khafre, be sure to also take time to see the satellite pyramid and the temples of Khafre built near the main pyramid. Today, only the remains of the outer foundation of the satellite pyramid are visible. Furthermore, the temples of Khafre can also be visited near the Sphinx, close to the Temple of Khufu. In general, the temples of Khafre comprise the Valley Temple, the Mortuary Temple, and the Causeway. The site is a living spectacle, carefully preserved by Mother Nature over the centuries, offering a glimpse into ancient Egyptian architecture and culture. The Great Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Menkaure will surely add memorable touches to your travel journal.

• The story of the Pyramid of Khafre

Although many people believe the pyramid is the tomb of a 4th-century pharaoh, no solid evidence has yet been found to support this claim. Furthermore, the absence of inscriptions on the walls of the chambers has prevented anyone from discovering the true reason for the pyramid's construction.

According to historians and Egyptologists, the Pyramid of Khafre was first opened during the First Intermediate Period (2181-2055 BC). Around the same time, the pyramid was stripped of its contents. Furthermore, during the 18th Dynasty (1549-1292 BC), the casing stones were removed from the Pyramid of Khafre by Ramses II. These casing stones were then used for the construction of a temple in Heliopolis.

Records by the Arab historian Ibn Abd al-Salam mention that the Pyramid of Khafre was first opened in 1372 AD. However, the structure was first explored from the inside in 1818 AD by Giovanni Belzoni, when the main entrance to the pyramid was discovered on its north side. At the same time, the pyramid's burial chamber was also found, though it contained an open sarcophagus with a broken lid lying on the floor.

The massive mortuary temple of Khafre was excavated by Holscher and von Sieglin in 1910 AD. The temple comprises an entrance hall, a courtyard, five statue chapels, storage rooms, and an offering hall. Since most of the mortuary temple lies in ruins, only the massive courtyard of Khafre's mortuary temple, which includes niches for the placement of royal statues, is visible.

Approximately 0.5 km south of the mortuary temple of Khafre, along the roughly paved causeway, lies the valley temple of Khafre. The valley temple is in a much better and better preserved state than the mortuary temple and was discovered by Mariette in 1852 AD. Originally consisting of about 24 diorite statues of the king seated on his throne, only one of these statues remains in good condition. It is believed that the valley temple of Khafre was used in antiquity to perform the embalming rites prior to the king's burial. This belief is further supported by the discovery of the remains of the "purification tent" near the temple.

• The architecture of the Pyramid of Khafre

The Pyramid of Khafre has two entrances to its inner structure, both located on the north side. One of these entrances is at ground level, while the other is situated approximately 11 meters above the ground.

Visitors are usually led into the pyramid through the upper entrance, which leads to a narrow passage directly down to the burial chamber. The burial chamber is constructed of large limestone blocks and contains Khafre's sarcophagus made of black granite. Both the passage and the burial chamber were hewn from the pyramid's bedrock and are made of limestone.

The mortuary temple of Khafre consists of large limestone blocks lined internally with red granite and set in delicate, high-quality stone casings. The temple also includes five boat pits located to the north and south. Currently, only the plundered remains of these boat pits are visible.

Like the mortuary temple, the valley temple of Khafre was also built from monolithic limestone blocks. These rectangular blocks also contain linings of Aswan granite, which form the temple's columns. Both the temples and the pyramid of Khafre are closed for a period each year for restoration work. This helps the authorities preserve the culture and history of Egyptian civilization and allows tourists to experience preserved ancient Egyptian culture.

Visit to the Pyramid of Khafre

Visitors to the Pyramid of Khafre can also take time to visit the other two pyramids of Giza, namely the Pyramid of Cheops and the Pyramid of Mecreynios.

Activities at the Pyramid of Chephren: Camel ride

You can book a camel ride around the site of the three pyramids of Giza. The camel ride takes you back to antiquity and allows you to admire the beauty of the pyramids of Giza from a different perspective.

If you feel uncomfortable riding on the ship of the desert, you can hop on one of the horses and take a walk around the pyramids.

Pyramid of Mekyrnios, Egypt Tourist Attractions

• History of the Pyramid of Mekrynios

• The architecture of the third pyramid of Giza

The Pyramid of Menkaure is the smallest of the three pyramids at Giza, standing at only 61 meters tall. A visit to the Pyramid of Menkaure allows you to clearly appreciate its architectural beauty and the suffering it endured at the hands of ancient rulers who attempted to destroy this magnificent wonder of the world. Since the dawn of Egyptian civilization, the Egyptians have fascinated us with their intellectual prowess and their ability to create bizarre monuments, buildings, and tombs. One such intriguing structure is the Pyramid of Menkaure. Along with its satellite pyramids, the Pyramid of Menkaure can truly be considered a fusion of science, architecture, Egyptian culture, and mythology. To ensure your visit to the Pyramid of Menkaure is also a fun and adventurous experience, you may find many locals offering paid activities such as camel rides, horseback riding, and more.

• History of the Pyramid of Mekrynios

During your visit to the Pyramid of Menkaure, you will notice that the pyramid, including its satellite pyramids, is incomplete. This is because the pharaoh died while the pyramids were under construction. However, if you explore a bit, you can come across the Mortuary Temple and the Valley Temple of Menkaure, which are must-sees when visiting the Giza pyramids.

Unlike the other two pyramids, the Pyramid of Menkaure has a unique architecture that has made it famous worldwide. During your visit to the Pyramid of Menkaure, you will see the so-called upper antechamber. In 1837 AD, Richard Vyse was the first person to enter the pyramid structure, only to discover Menkaure's coffin and a sarcophagus belonging to a woman, most likely his queen. Some bones were also found inside, and carbon dating indicates that the bones are 2,000 years old. The coffin lid is now in the British Museum, while the sarcophagus currently rests on the seabed of the Mediterranean.

Furthermore, Saladin's son al-Malek al-Aziz ben Yusuf attempted to remove the north wall of the pyramid for eight months in the late 12th century.

Due to the problems encountered during the demolition of the Pyramid of Menkaure, al-Malek had to abandon this idea. However, his plans left a large vertical gap in the pyramid's north wall, which is still clearly visible today. Since then, the Pyramid of Menkaure has stood to draw the attention of people from all over the world to the life of Pharaoh Menkaure.

• The architecture of the third pyramid of Giza

Originally situated at a height of 65.5 meters, the height of the Pyramid of Menkaure has decreased to 61 meters over millennia. As the smallest of all the pyramids in the Giza necropolis, the Pyramid of Menkaure has a tilt angle of 51.020.25°. Unlike the other two pyramids, which are constructed entirely of limestone on the outside, the Pyramid of Menkaure has its first sixteen passages of red granite. In contrast, the upper part of the exterior is made of Tura limestone.

Near the main pyramid of Menkaure lie its satellite pyramids. Of these, the third and largest pyramid is constructed partly of granite and limestone. Although it is the only completed satellite pyramid, the other two were unfortunately never built. This was due to the death of Pharaoh Menkaure, who died when only the cores of the two satellite pyramids had been constructed. Furthermore, as a consequence of Menkaure's death, the granite slabs that were to be attached to the outer surface of the main pyramid remained incomplete.

The mortuary temple at Menkaure is constructed from various materials. While the foundations and inner core are made of limestone, the floor is granite. The foundations of the Valley Temple at Menkaure were also made of stone. However, during your visit to the temples, you will notice that they are finished with rough bricks. The diversity of materials used in the construction of the main pyramid, the satellite pyramids, and the temples that have survived for centuries gives the Menkaure pyramid its unique character.

The Sphinx, Egyptian tourist attractions

• The story of the Sphinx of Giza

• The ashlar architecture of the Sphinx of Giza

With the body of a lion and the face of a man, the Sphinx of Giza stands at a height of approximately 20 meters on the west bank of the Nile. The Sphinx was also recognized as a mythical creature in Greek mythology, where it was a merciless killer who posed riddles and murdered anyone who could not answer them. Carved from its limestone bedrock, the Sphinx is considered the oldest known monumental sculpture in Egypt. It is the same bedrock that served as the quarry for the construction of the Pyramids of Giza. During your visit to the Sphinx, you will notice that the nummulitic limestone of the region consists of different layers with varying resistance to erosion. Historians attribute the uneven erosion of the structure over time to this characteristic of the limestone. It is quite fascinating to see how the Sphinx was hewn from the bedrock, especially given the lack of such technology. With the Pyramids of Giza in the background, your visit to the Sphinx will provide some of the most unforgettable photos of your trip to Cairo. And who wouldn't want to capture the Sahara sunset on camera?

• History of the Sphinx of Giza

Due to the varying quarrying of the limestone from which the Sphinx was carved, archaeologists have been unable to pinpoint the exact time of its construction. Furthermore, there was a period when the Giza necropolis was abandoned. Consequently, the Sphinx remained buried up to its shoulders in sand until 1400 BC, when Thutmose IV began its first excavation.

With the team he had, Thutmose IV was able to excavate the front paws of the Sphinx. To commemorate his efforts and dedicate his excavation to the Egyptian sun god Ra, Thutmose IV erected a granite slab between the Sphinx's paws, known as the Dream Stele. A further round of excavation was then carried out by Ramses II the Great.

But it wasn't until 1817 AD that proper archaeological excavations of the Sphinx were carried out to free the monument's components from the Saharan sands. The entire structure of the Sphinx was excavated between 1925 and 1936 AD under the supervision of Émile Baraize.

No records have been found that mention the role of the Sphinx in ancient Egyptian civilization. Historians have been unable to determine the name the Egyptians gave to the monumental structure. However, due to its similarities to a mythical creature from Greek mythology, the Egyptian monument has been given the name Sphinx. Many historians have also compared the Sphinx's role for the Egyptians to that of Khafre's reign. Therefore, it is believed that this iconic figure represents aspects of Khafre's own personality.

After the monument was completely cleared, the Egyptian government carried out several repairs to the Sphinx. Some attribute the Sphinx's broken nose to Napoleon Bonaparte's soldiers, as traces of rods were found hammered around the nasal area. Additionally, the monument's beard had fallen off due to erosion; it was later collected by British adventurers and taken to the British Museum.

The Sphinx is restored several times a year. The main reason for this is the rising water level of the Nile, which causes internal cracks in the Sphinx. For this reason, the Sphinx remains closed to the public during restoration work. Before planning your trip to Cairo, you should therefore check whether or not restoration work is taking place.

• The architecture of the Sphinx of Giza

The Sphinx of Giza has a distinctive lion's body and a human head and stands guard over the three pyramids of Giza at a height of 20 meters on the Sahara Desert floor. Many people report that Khafre constructed the Sphinx, but no such obvious evidence has been found to support this claim.

However, based on the Dream Stele, a granite slab erected at the base of the Sphinx bearing hieroglyphs mentioning Khafre, historians believe the Sphinx represents the personality of Pharaoh Khafre himself. Furthermore, the Valley Temple and Khafre's mortuary temple near the Sphinx further support this assumption. Several theories have even been proposed to explain the Sphinx's construction. But no one has been able to pinpoint or uncover a precise explanation for the Sphinx's structure, which happens to be one of the world's architectural wonders, a time when technology was still far from human understanding.

Saqqara Pyramids & Step Pyramid of Djoser

You've probably heard of the Pyramids of Giza, but you'll be glad to know that Egypt has many other majestic pyramids to offer. Just a few kilometers from Cairo, the Saqqara Pyramids provide a glimpse into the architectural talent that flourished among the ancient Egyptians.

The Red Pyramid, the Bent Pyramid, and the Step Pyramid together form the breathtaking Saqqara pyramids, towering high to delight the eye. Besides the pyramids, there are also several ancient tombs with intricately decorated interior walls that will surely capture your attention.

The Pyramid of Djoser is considered one of the less explored sites in Egypt, offering you the chance to discover a typical Egyptian pyramid without the usual crowds. Located south of Cairo in the city of Saqqara, the Pyramid of Djoser is considered the oldest stone monument in the world.

The Step Pyramid dates back to the 27th century BC. This pyramid was built using a unique satin-style architecture, which predates the pyramids of Giza, which feature a smooth architecture.

Egyptian Museum, Egypt Tourist Attractions

Integrated into downtown Cairo, the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities is also known by various names, such as the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities and the Museum of Cairo. The museum houses some of the rarest and most unique historical artifacts of the period. These artifacts are guaranteed to amaze you and offer a glimpse into Egypt's golden age, when its cultures and heritage flourished under the rule of its kings. The artifacts displayed in the museum's galleries present a comprehensive overview of Egyptian civilization, including collections dating back to prehistoric times.

The absolutely fantastic collection of ancient masterpieces displayed in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo makes it one of the most incredible exhibition halls in the world. The museum attracts many tourists and informs them about the history of Egypt.

With around 120,000 exhibits, the Egyptian Museum is one of the largest museums in the region. It also holds the record for possessing the world's most extensive collection of pharaonic antiquities.

The corridors and halls of the museum building, the golden death mask of Tutankhamun, mummies, jewelry and many other historical artifacts serve as a medium to give you an insight into one of the golden ages of Egyptian culture and civilization.

To realize its vision, the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities has been undertaking numerous long-term initiatives. These initiatives combine experience, knowledge, and ideas from both national and international levels, making it easier to achieve this goal. If you are interested in history, a visit to the museum will provide you with a wealth of information about the history of Egypt and its rulers.

Museum history

The Egyptian Museum, originally founded by the Egyptian government, was established in Boulaq in 1858. This also led to the creation of the new Antiquities Department. The museum building was formerly located on the banks of the Nile, but suffered extensive damage during the Nile flood of 1878.

The artifacts, which were successfully restored after the flood, were moved to a royal palace in Giza in 1891 and eventually to the current location of the museum in Tahrir Square in Cairo.

However, the 2011 revolution led to the damage and destruction of many artifacts and other collected items, including damage to the building itself. Of the damaged items, approximately 25 were restored and displayed as part of an exhibition.

Visiting the museum

Upon reaching the museum, you will be amazed by collections and artifacts dating from 1550 to 1069 BC, the New Kingdom. Enormous statues, sarcophagi, tables, coins, and manuscript fragments stand directly in the vestibule after entering the museum. Most of the manuscripts have deteriorated with age, but the coins are very well restored and are made of gold, silver, and bronze.

The first floor of the building displays artifacts from the last two dynasties of Egypt. These include collections from the Valley of the Kings and the tombs of pharaohs Thutmose III, Thutmose IV, Amenhotep II, and Hatshepsut. The floor also showcases materials from the intact tombs of Tutankhamun and Psusennes I. These exhibits offer a journey through ancient Egypt and the skills of its artisans.

Al-Azhar Mosque, Egypt Tourist Attractions 

Al-Azhar Mosque is a magnificent structure in the heart of the city and the most splendid building, attracting millions of visitors throughout the year. Built in 972 AD, it is ancient and one of Cairo's most important landmarks.

Al-Azhar Mosque stands prominently in the heart of the city center and is not only a mosque but also one of the oldest universities in the world. This spectacular landmark has a massive main gate that allows visitors to enter and explore the breathtaking architecture of this marvel. The mosque's five minarets are visible and can be touched. Visitors often sit inside and pray in the central hall, seeking respite from the bustling world outside.

The Saladin Citadel, Egypt Tourist Attractions

The Saladin Citadel was built in 1176 directly on the foothills of the vast Mokattam mountain. It is one of the most remarkable creations of military infrastructure and attracts many tourists every year.

Egypt's most famous mosque, nicknamed the "Alabaster Mosque," is known for the remarkable white stone from which the entire monument is built. Stroll around the grounds and experience one of the city's most fantastic views. Head northeast and you will come across the magnificent El-Nasir Mosque, which is essentially a complex of many small mosques.

 

The Mosque of Muhammad Ali.

The Mosque of Muhammad Ali, also known as the "Alabaster Mosque," is an Islamic shrine located in the Citadel of Cairo. Dating back to the 19th century, it is considered one of the most important sites in Egypt for spiritual enthusiasts and architecture lovers.

The Mosque of Muhammad Ali, with its two minarets and striking silhouette, is considered the largest building of the 19th century. The Mosque of Muhammad Ali features an Ottoman-style architectural design with impressively decorated interiors.

Location: Cairo, Egypt

Old Cairo (Coptic Cairo), Egypt Sightseeing

This small, church-filled cluster of winding alleyways lies within the walls of Old Babylon, where the Roman Emperor Trajan first built a fortress along the Nile. Parts of the Roman towers still stand above the main street.

This small and self-contained region, also known as Coptic Cairo, is the oldest city. It is the heart of the Coptic Christian community, and although it is somewhat dilapidated, it remains a truly fascinating place. The Coptic Museum contains a wealth of information about the early Christian period in Egypt and houses one of the finest collections of Coptic art in Egypt. Nearby is the 9th-century Hanging Church, which boasts a beautiful collection of Coptic designs. Originally built in the 4th century over Roman gate towers, the church underwent significant reconstruction in the 9th century.

Sultan Hassan Mosque, Egypt Tourist Attractions

The Sultan Hassan Mosque is a superb example of brilliant Egyptian architecture. This ancient yet exciting monument was completed in 1363 and continues to fascinate its visitors.

The Sultan Hassan Mosque showcases the true vision of Egyptian art. With its fascinating intricate details, this massive mosque was built during the Mamluk era for Sultan Hassan al-Nasir. The entrance is a fine example of stonework, reminiscent of an ancient Egyptian temple. To the north is a colossal gate, which is also the tallest in the capital.

Museum of Islamic Art, Egypt Tourist Attractions

Opposite the Cairo Government offices, at the intersection of Port Said and Mohamed Ali streets, stands the magnificent Museum of Islamic Art (MIA). It's a must-see for anyone traveling to Cairo, thanks to the building's stunning architecture and the exquisite historical artifacts housed within.

In recent years, the Museum of Islamic Art has displayed around 4,500 artifacts in 25 halls. The rest are in the museum ready for presentation to the general public and tourists in due course.

The museum is believed to house over 100,000 artifacts and has become the largest museum of Islamic art over the years. Among its treasures are the Kitab fil-adwiya al-mufrada (the Holy Quran) and artifacts from the 16th-century Mamluk period, making it one of the most famous museums in the world.

With such a rich historical collection, the Museum of Islamic Art prides itself on being one of the world's leading promoters of Islamic art and civilization. The MIA undertakes several initiatives to reach the maximum number of national and international visitors in order to realize its vision. The overarching aim is to recognize the contributions of Islamic civilization to heritage and culture worldwide.

The city of Luxor, Egypt: Sights

Valley of the Kings, Egypt - Sightseeing

Hot air balloon ride over Luxor at sunrise

Luxor Temple, Egypt Tourist Attractions

Karnak Temple, Egypt - Tourist Attractions

Temple of Medinet Habu, Egypt - Sightseeing

The mortuary temple of Hatshepsut - Deir el-Bahari.

The Valley of the Craftsmen.

The Temple of Seti.

Luxor surpasses other Egyptian cities in its sheer wealth of historical tourist attractions and activities for travelers.

The abundance of ancient Egyptian temples and tombs, adorned with vibrant murals, makes this city an open-air museum. At the same time, when there are only so many monuments to take in, hot air balloon rides and felucca trips offer a welcome respite from the temple overload.

This was the site of ancient Thebes, the great city of the Middle Kingdom and of the pharaohs of the New Kingdom, who covered the banks of the Nile with their mammoth construction projects and began the enormous tombs that are tucked tightly into the rocky valley of the West Bank.

The magnitude of their ambition is best seen today in the magnificent temple complex of Karnak. However, there are so many monuments here that you could easily spend a week absorbing the ambition and grandeur of ancient Egypt.

This is the best place to visit in Egypt to simply lose yourself in the wonders of the ancient world.

With so much to see and do.

Plan your trip with our list of top attractions in Luxor and easy day trip ideas from the city.

• Valley of the Kings, Egypt - Sightseeing

Hidden among the rocky cliffs of Luxor's west bank wasthe Valley of the Kingsthe final resting place of the kings of the 18th, 19th and 20th dynasties.

The tombs, covered with intricately detailed, vibrant murals, are usually the first stop for any visitor to the West Bank.

Since it was believed that the dead, accompanied by the sun god (or perhaps having become one with the sun god), sailed through the underworld in a boat at night, the walls of the tombs were decorated with texts and scenes depicting this journey and giving the dead instructions on their way.

The valley contains 63 tombs, an appeal of famous names in Egyptian history, including the famous boy king Tutankhamun.

The tombs are opened on a rotating system to protect the paintings from moisture damage as much as possible. Go here first thing in the morning (the site opens at 6 a.m.) to see them without the crowds.

Hot air balloon ride over Luxor at sunrise

Early risers who are willing to roll out of bed while it is still dark are rewarded with a bird's-eye view of the West Bank during a hot air balloon ride at dawn.

Balloon rides start here shortly after sunrise and float over the West Bank with its green fields hidden between the barren cliffs, admiring the temples and tombs of the area from above.

Luxor Temple, Egypt Tourist Attractions

The Luxor Temple, towering above the modern city center, is an ode to the changing face of Egypt over the centuries.

First built by Amenhotep III (on the site of an earlier sandstone temple), it was known as "the southern harem of Amun" and was dedicated to Amun, his wife Mut, and their son, the moon god Khonsu.

Like all Egyptian temples, it includes the chapels of the deities with their antechambers and cloud chambers; a large hypostyle hall; and an open peristyle courtyard, which was reached from the north by a large colonnade.

The temple was expanded and altered by a parade of pharaohs, including Amenhotep IV (who again destroyed the Temple of Aten), Seti I (who restored the reliefs of Amun), and Ramses II (who significantly enlarged the temple and added a new colonnaded courtyard at the northern end).

During the Christian era, the temple was converted into a church. In the Islamic period, the mosque of Abu el-Haggag, dedicated to a revered saint, was built on the site.

Karnak Temple, Egypt Tourist Attractions

The Karnak Temple is one of the most important historical tourist attractions in Egypt and houses several famous buildings, including the Temple of Khons, the Festival Temple of Thutmose III and the Great Temple of the god Amun.

The complex of this renowned temple also houses the famous Karnak Open Air Museum. Visitors can also find several ancient pylons, chapels, and the remains of ruined temples. The Karnak Temple is also considered the second largest ancient spiritual site in the world.

Location: El-Karnak, Luxor, Egypt

Temple of Medinet Habu, Egypt - Sightseeing

The Temple of Medinat Habu, also known as the "Temple of Ramses III," is one of the most famous religious sites to visit in the Egyptian city of Luxor. Although King Ramses III was buried in the Valley of the Kings, Medinat Habu was built in his honor.

The southeast corner of this monumental structure offers the best view of the entire complex. Among the main attractions of Medinet Habu are the Chapels of the Votarians, the Second Pylon, the Sacred Lake, the First Pylon, the Nilometer, and the Colonnade.

Location: Al Bairat, Al Qarna, Luxor, Egypt.

The mortuary temple of Hatshepsut - Deir el-Bahari.

The magnificent mortuary temple of Hatshepsut lies on the west bank of the Nile, at the foot of the Libyan Plateau. This temple, dedicated to the sun god Amun-Ra, is built of limestone and displays a classical architectural style.

Hatshepsut's mortuary temple was built by Senimut, a highly skilled architect of the time, to honor the glorious achievements of Queen Hatshepsut. The temple features three impressive terraces, a hypostyle hall, courtyards, and pylons.

Location: Luxor, Egypt

 The Valley of the Craftsmen.

The Valley of the Craftsmen is one of the most popular places in Egypt to see iconic Egyptian tombs. Also known as Deir el-Medina, it is beautifully designed with workers' dwellings and magnificently illustrated tombs. Located on the west bank of the Nile, it is just minutes away from the Colossi of Memnon and Medinet Habu.

You will find beautifully decorated, vibrant colors and scenes from daily life. You can plan to visit various tombs such as Shuroy, Roy, Anker Ka, and Sennutem in the immediate vicinity while exploring the Valley of the Craftsmen.

Location: Deir el-Medina, Luxor, Egypt

The Temple of Seti.

The Seti Temple is located on the outskirts of Luxor. It is one of the least researched historical sites in the country. This temple was named after Seti I, the Egyptian ruler who began its construction but was unable to complete it.

Although the temple is somewhat damaged today, its walls retain the beautiful carvings of Seti I and Ramses II and the gods.

Location: Luxor, Egypt.

Luxor Museum, Egypt Sightseeing

The Luxor Museum displays a brilliant collection of ancient antiquities from the Old Kingdom to the Mamluk period. This museum, primarily assembled from the Theban necropolis and temples, rewards the eye with a multitude of masterpieces.

Among the impressive collections of the Luxor Museum are a carved figure of Thutmose III, a limestone relief of Thutmose III and an alabaster statue of Amenhotep III.

Location: Luxor, Egypt.

Temples of Abu Simbel, Egypt - Sightseeing

The most magnificent of the monuments built by Ramses II, Abu Simbel, is both the perfect example of the ambition of this pharaoh's rule and an exemplary example of the achievements of modern engineering and global cooperation.

The entire temple complex was transplanted from its original location and lifted piece by piece to its present location by an international UNESCO team working against the clock to save it from flooding by the Aswan Dam in the 1960s.

The colossal stone statues adorning the facade are Pharaoh Ramses II's attempt to achieve immortality. It worked. Even today, visitors crane their necks in disbelief before the enormous temples, just as the pharaoh's subjects would have done when the temples were first built.

Abu Simbel is located 280 kilometers south of Aswan. Most people visit Aswan on a day trip, although it is possible to stay overnight in the village of Abu Simbel.

Our visitor guide to exploring Abu Simbel will help you plan your time amidst these famous monuments from the reign of Ramses II.

Philae Island, Egypt: Sights

Philae Island is a famous temple island situated on the tranquil Nile. Located between the Aswan High Dam and the old Aswan Dam, it is an important archaeological site with various ancient temples and shrines in Egypt.

People also know it by its Greek name, "Elephantine," as it was an important trading center for ivory. On this tiny landmass, which holds a prominent position among UNESCO World Heritage sites, the ancient Egyptians built a magnificent and famous temple complex on the island of Philae, dedicated to the Egyptian god Isis. The entire complex is believed to date back to 600 BC or even earlier.

Horus Temple in Edfu, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

The 2000-year-old Temple of Horus is almost perfectly preserved. Its construction history and a description of the entire structure are outlined in lengthy inscriptions outside the enclosure wall, particularly at the northern end of the east and west sides.

Construction began in 237 BC under the reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes I and was completed in 212 under his successor Philopator.

Compared to the temples in Luxor, it is in much better condition than other temples due to its relative youth, and it remains one of the best places in Egypt to truly imagine the grandeur of ancient Egypt.

Edfu and its temple are located 110 kilometers south of Luxor. As with the Kom Ombo temple, every Nile cruise traveling between Luxor and Aswan stops here. However, if Aswan is not on your itinerary, you can easily arrange a day trip to Edfu (or Edfu and Kom Ombo) from Luxor.

The Red Sea, Egypt: Sights

The Red Sea is one of the world's best places for diving, and for decades diving enthusiasts have been traveling here to spend a holiday mainly underwater.

Today, this coast is a popular holiday destination with sun and sea, favored by families seeking a carefree beach holiday in a full-service resort hotel, where they can also dive for coral and fish life.

Beyond the beach, there's even more to discover. While diving remains a top attraction, the Red Sea has also become a significant windsurfing and kitesurfing destination in recent years.

The Eastern Desert stretches across this region, which is dotted with remnants from the Roman and early Christian eras of Egypt. These historical tourist attractions offer an excellent opportunity to leave the beach for a day and discover something about Egypt's history.

Learn more about the best sights with our list of top attractions and activities in the Red Sea region.

Mahmya Island, Egypt: Tourist attractions.

Mahmya Island, located in Hurghada, is one of the most beautiful spots in Egypt for beach lovers. Its white sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters are a hit with every tourist who visits this exotic island. Here you'll find a variety of bars and restaurants, as well as the opportunity to enjoy the vibrant nightlife while spending time in Mahmya.

Ras Mohammed National Park, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

Ras Mohammed National Park is not only the most popular national park in the country, but also one of the best diving spots in Egypt. This park lies amidst the breathtaking mangroves and vibrant coral reefs of the Red Sea and the Sinai Desert inland.

The clear waters here offer divers the opportunity to easily observe the colorful corals and vibrant reef fish. Ras Mohammed National Park is also home to countless white storks and Risso's dolphins.

Tiran Island, Egypt: Tourist attractions.

Tiran Island is a breathtaking and almost ethereal piece of uninhabited land amidst the blue waters of the Red Sea, situated on the maritime border of Saudi Arabia.

Because the island lies within the Ras Mohammed National Park, it is a well-protected biosphere where you can enjoy some of the best underwater natural treasures, such as marine flora and fauna and, of course, colorful reefs. It is one of the most highly recommended places in Egypt, especially if you love snorkeling and diving.

Location: Sinai, Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt

Aqua Blue Waterpark, Egypt tourist attractions.

Aqua Blue Water Park, with its 9 enormous pools and 44 thrilling water slides, is one of the most highly recommended places in Egypt for adventure seekers. Popular rides for all adrenaline junkies visiting the park include the Tube Free Fall, the Twisters, the Rafting Slide, the Black Hole, and the Kamikaze.

The Aqua Blue Water Park also features a special kids' club, a basketball court, a tennis court, a massage room and a billiards room.

Location: Aqua Park City, Sharm el-Sheikh, South Sinai, Egypt

Old Market of Sharm, Egypt - Tourist Attractions.

The picturesque streets of Sharm's Old Market are full of countless colorful and lively souvenir shops, making this open-air market one of the best places in Egypt for shopaholics.

Tourists visiting this extravagant market can buy traditional textiles, ornaments, jewelry, spices, shisha pipes, traditional ahwa (coffee), and saffron. After your shopping spree, you can treat your palate to authentic delicacies, including seafood dishes and Egyptian barbecue.

Location: Sharm El Sheikh, South Sinai, Egypt

The Blue Cave of Dahab, Egypt tourist attractions.

The Blue Hole of Dahab is above all one of the most daring places in Egypt; the Blue Hole of Dahab is not for the faint of heart. The Blue Hole is the most challenging dive site in the world and is located a few kilometers north of Dahab in the southeast of Sina.

Known for its breathtaking underwater and aerial views of the Red Sea, it's not easy to miss. Originally a sea sinkhole with a depth of over 100 meters, it's a standard freediving spot for adventure and thrill-seeking travelers visiting Egypt. It's also a famous location for snorkeling and diving if you want to observe rare turtle species, coral, and reef sharks.

Moses Mountain in Sinai, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

Mount Sinai is popularly known as the place where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. This majestic, rugged mountain is considered one of Egypt's most recommended destinations for adventure seekers and offers excellent hiking opportunities.

Upon reaching the summit, hikers can enjoy panoramic views of the picturesque South Sinai Mountains. Mount Sinai is also known for offering breathtaking sunrise and sunset views.

St. Catherine's Monastery, Egypt - Tourist Attractions.

St. Catherine's Monastery was built between 527 and 565 AD. It is one of the oldest spiritual sites in Egypt and is located on the slopes of Mount Sina. The monastery is named after Saint Catherine, who was tortured and killed for her Christian faith.

This beautiful desert monastery houses a fantastic collection of spiritual iconography, manuscripts, art, and the iconic burning bush. You can also climb Mount Sinai and enjoy breathtaking sunset or sunrise views after paying your respects at St. Catherine's Monastery.

Location: Saint Catherine, South Sinai Government, Egypt

The Eel Garden of Dahab, Egypt - Tourist Attractions

The eel garden of Dahab is a fascinating Egyptian site, especially for sea lovers. It gets its name from the many garden eels that inhabit the seabed at a depth of approximately 10 to 20 meters, just a few meters from the dive entry point of Assalah Shore.

A truly unusual phenomenon, the garden eels at this dive site are a rare and beautiful sight not to be missed. Besides the eels, it's also the perfect place to observe the many barracudas that live here permanently. You can also enjoy rare seagrass, ghost pipefish, hard and soft corals, and even substantial coral reefs.

Colourful Gorge, Egyptian tourist attractions.

The Coloured Canyon is located near the town of Nuweiba on the Sinai Peninsula and is a narrow, slot canyon. It gets its name from its stunning array of colors, which are unique and captivating. This 800-meter-long canyon was formed by water erosion over millions of years.

The canyon is flanked by 40-meter-high sandstone walls that display various shades of color, ranging from straw yellow and red to dark brown and black. These hues are the result of the presence of iron and magnesium oxides.

Location: Nuweiba, South Sinai, Egypt

Fjord Bay, Egypt Tourist Attractions.

Fjord Bay is located approximately 15 km south of Taba. It is one of Egypt's most famous spots for water sports such as swimming and snorkeling. The bay is surrounded by well-protected coral reefs and a spectacularly colorful underwater world.

Location: Taba, South Sinai, Egypt

Great Sand Sea in Siwa, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

The Great Sand Sea in Siwa, nestled between eastern Libya and western Egypt, is a vast dune area. Covering an enormous area of ​​approximately 72,000 km², it forms one of the largest dune fields in the world.

This area is home to some of the world's largest dunes, including the Barchan, Seif, and Crescent Dunes. These mesmerizing dunes offer visitors the opportunity to enjoy various fun activities such as fossil hunting, dune driving, and sand sledding.

Siwa Oasis on the Libyan border, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

Located on the Libyan border in western Egypt, far from the hustle and bustle of the city, the Siwa Oasis is one of the most tranquil places in Egypt. Flanked by towering date palms and surrounded by several picturesque springs, this charming little oasis is one of the most beautiful tourist destinations in the western desert.

This place is surrounded by the remains of a magnificent mud-brick fortification. Siwa Oasis can be the perfect starting point for planning your adventure tours into the vast desert.

Shali Fortress in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt - Tourist Attractions.

In the heart of the Siwa Oasis lies the Shali Fort, a beautiful 13th-century mud-brick fortress. Constructed of kershef (a mixture of clay and salt rock), the fortress once housed hundreds of people. Today, it stands in ruins.

The fortress was originally built to defend the region against foreign invasions and was initially a four- to five-story building. Today, the Shali Fortress attracts many tourists who come to enjoy its breathtaking panoramic views of the Nile.

Location: Siwa Oasis, Egypt

The White Desert in the Farafra Oasis, Egypt - Tourist Attractions.

The White Desert in Farafra: One of the most unusual places in Egypt is the White Desert, with its majestic chalk mountains that create the appearance of a snow-covered expanse in the middle of the arid land. The entire landscape is packed with breathtaking iceberg-shaped pinnacles and enormous white boulders.

Once you have finished exploring the tombs and temples of Egypt, visit the unique White Desert and enjoy its scenic beauty.

Location: Farafra, Egypt

Nile cruise, Egyptian sights.

A Nile cruise perfectly captures the natural beauty of Egypt. The Nile is one of the most photogenic places in Egypt. The views of the deep blue water and the breathtaking sunrises and sunsets never fail to amaze nature lovers. The Nile also offers visitors excellent opportunities for cruising, including multi-day trips.

During their cruises on the Nile, travelers can explore a variety of iconic landmarks of the country, including the Edfu Temple of Horus and the Temple of Kom Ombo.

The Sannur Valley Caves, Egyptian tourist attractions.

The Sannur Valley caves are a 2-hour drive from Cairo; they are popular for their fascinating natural geographical formations of stalagmites and stalactites. There are also a large number of quarries, most of which date back to ancient Egypt.

The cave in question extends for approximately 700 meters, with a width and depth of 15 meters. It was formed by groundwater seepage through the Eocene limestone.

Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church, whose head was once the Pope of Alexandria.

This church is believed to stand on the same site where the Evangelist and Apostle Mark founded a church in the 1st century. The church displays an impressive basilica-style architectural design with stunning Coptic carvings.

Location: Alexandria, Egypt

Library in Alexandria, Egypt - Sights.

Founded in 2002, the Library of Alexandria is a truly inspiring hub of knowledge. With over 1.5 million educational items, it is one of the best places in Egypt for readers and students.

This vast educational gallery houses millions of important books, a planetarium, 4 museums and 6 specialized libraries.

Location: Alexandria, Egypt

Citadel of Qaitbay, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

The Citadel of Qaitbay, or the Fort of Qaitbay, is located on the Mediterranean coast and was built in the 15th century as a defensive fortress. Constructed over the remains of the legendary Pharos Lighthouse, built by the Mamluk Sultan Qaitbay, the citadel features massive walls and robust architecture.

The fortress was converted into a maritime museum in 1952 and offers insights into the rich architecture and history of Egypt and displays fossilized marine life.

National Museum of Alexandria, Egypt - Sights.

The Alexandria National Museum spans three floors. This impressive museum offers a glimpse into the rich heritage and glorious past of the Egyptian city of Alexandria. Inaugurated in 2003, it houses approximately 1,800 artifacts that tell the story of Alexandria during the Islamic, Roman, Pharaonic, and Coptic eras.

The museum also has valuable jewels, glassware, porcelain and silverware from the 19th century.

Stanley Bridge in Alexandria, Egypt - Tourist attractions.

Stanley Bridge in Alexandria: This picturesque bridge was built over Stanley Bay and is an essential landmark of the city of Alexandria. With six spans, the bridge extends to a length of approximately 400 meters.

The Stanley Bridge is considered the first bridge built over the sea in Egypt and is a masterpiece of engineering, showcasing modern Egyptian architectural style. Tourists visiting the Stanley Bridge can enjoy breathtaking views of the beautiful bay and the pristine beaches of Alexandria.

Location: Alexandria, Egypt

Ghamr Dovecotes, Egyptian tourist attractions.

Mit Ghamr Pigeon Lofts: Hundreds of pigeon lofts are located in the Nile Delta at Mit Ghamr, a unique architectural design found only in Egypt. These lofts are tall mud-brick structures, reminiscent of long, brownish-red clay chimneys, and are primarily used for breeding pigeons.

It is one of the best places in Egypt to see something truly unique and unusual. As part of the city's planning, it plays a vital role in feeding the millions of people who live in the country.

Magical Lake in Fayoum, Egypt - Tourist Attractions.

Located in Wadi El Hitan in Fayoum, the picturesque Magic Lake offers a truly dreamlike sight. The lake is called "Magic Lake" because it tends to change its color several times a day, based on the amount of sunlight it receives and the time of day.

Surrounded by a sandy desert, Magic Lake is said to contain essential minerals. A swim in this lake can not only offer much-needed relaxation but also treat rheumatism.